Portugal Healthcare System Guide: Public vs Private Options

Let’s take a look at Portugal’s national health service

This month we thought we’d talk about the Portuguese healthcare system and healthcare in Portugal. This is always a top concern for our clients, along with security.

Although healthcare is a very personal issue, we wanted to give you an insight into how the system works in Portugal and how the public and private cohabitate. The good news? Portugal offers affordable, high-quality healthcare, with both public and private options to suit everyone’s needs. It always ranks in the middle to upper tiers of European countries.

As a type 1 diabetic and, like many foreigners, I was very nervous when I moved here 4 years ago. I had to learn to navigate the public system whilst visiting private clinics for my outpatients.

So how does the healthcare system work in Portugal’s health administrations?

Portugal has a universal healthcare system (SNS – Serviço Nacional de Saúde), which provides low-cost or free care to residents. Compared to the US where private insurance is a must, Portugal’s system is much cheaper.

The system is managed by five health administrations in different areas, including North, Central, Lisbon and Tagus Valley, Alentejo and Algarve.

UK citizens would find similarities to the NHS but with shorter waiting times in some areas. The country has great doctors and an extensive network of private clinics. Speaking with a representative of a well-known clinic, I know we can expect more facilities in the Algarve as private hospitals are looking to expand their facilities and the number of specialties they offer locally.

Worth noting, Portugal has invested a lot in telemedicine and electronic health records. If you’re using the SNS system, your app will give you access to your medical records, exams requested by your local doctor, prescription and vaccination records. The app is available in English too.

One of the first steps to access Portugal’s public healthcare system is to register at your nearest Centro de Saúde (health center). Unlike in some countries where you visit a private doctor’s office, Portugal’s centralised system means family doctors and specialists are based in these centres. T

hese health centers often function as family health units, providing comprehensive care through family doctors and a team of professionals.

Registration for me and my family wasn’t exactly smooth sailing—it took a few trips—but once completed we each received a Utente number (similar to a healthcare ID). This number allows you to access various medical treatments, including specialist care and routine examinations.

In theory every patient is assigned a family doctor, but due to shortages ours was only appointed recently. Despite this, my registration allowed me to access specialist care at Faro Public Hospital for my diabetes management—completely free of charge.

I use both public and private healthcare, depending on urgency. Private clinics here are efficient, well equipped and staffed by multilingual professionals, many of whom have trained abroad. Even without private insurance I’ve found routine treatments very affordable compared to other countries I’ve lived in.

I’ve recently found out that if you need emergency care and call an ambulance they are obliged to take you to the nearest public hospital. Public hospitals in Portugal provide a wide range of medical procedures and emergency services often at low cost or for free. You can opt out of receiving treatment there by signing a discharge form and calling a taxi (or private ambulance services) to be taken to a private hospital.

However many choose to subscribe to private health insurance to reduce costs when visiting private hospitals. The monthly cost will vary depending on how comprehensive you want your cover to be and your age. Most insurances exclude pre-existing conditions and will have a co-pay.

For non-resident EU passport holders you can apply in your home country for a European Health Insurance card (EHIC) which will give you access to the SNS system in case of chronic or existing illness, maternity care or emergencies. If you choose to visit a private hospital this card will not cover your medical expenses.

For UK non-residents you can apply for the new UK GHIC (Global Health Insurance Card) which will also give you access to the SNS services for chronic or existing illness, maternity care or emergencies.

For other nationalities it will be wise to subscribe to travel insurance (although travel cannot exceed a certain number of days).

Healthcare Costs in Portugal

Understanding healthcare costs in Portugal is essential if you’re moving to or living in the country. Portugal’s healthcare system is good but costs vary depending on the treatment and provider. Here’s what you need to know about healthcare costs in Portugal:

Public healthcare services are free or low cost for residents but some services will require a small co payment. This makes the national health service (SNS) a popular option for many especially for routine and emergency care. However some specialized treatments or procedures will have an additional fee.

On the other hand private healthcare services are more expensive but offer shorter waiting times and more personalized care. Many expats and locals opt for private healthcare for convenience and to be able to choose their doctor or specialist. Private health insurance can help with the costs but the premium will vary depending on the provider and the level of cover you choose.

Also some healthcare services like dental care and cosmetic surgery are not covered by public healthcare or insurance. These will be out of pocket so it’s wise to budget for these.

In summary public healthcare services are a cost effective solution for many but private healthcare offers more at a higher price. Researching healthcare costs in Portugal and getting health insurance will help you manage any medical expenses.

How to navigate the Healthcare System

Navigating the healthcare system in Portugal can be complicated especially for non residents or those who don’t speak Portuguese. Here’s how to do it:

First register with your local health center (centro de saúde) to access public healthcare services. This is a essential step to ensure you can benefit from the national health service. Once registered you’ll receive a Utente number which is your key to accessing various healthcare services.

If you’re an EU citizen make sure you have a valid European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) to cover any medical expenses during your stay. For UK citizens the Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) serves the same purpose. Both cards will give you access to public healthcare services for chronic or existing illnesses, maternity care or emergencies.If you prefer private healthcare, having private health insurance is a must. I

t not only covers the costs of healthcare services but also gives you peace of mind knowing you can access private hospitals and clinics without worrying about out of pocket expenses.

Research local healthcare providers and services is also important. Look for recommendations and reviews to find the best for you. Don’t hesitate to ask for help or clarification if you’re unsure about something—most healthcare professionals in Portugal speak English.

Finally consider getting a global health insurance card if you travel a lot. This card will cover medical expenses while you’re abroad so you’re covered wherever you go.

By understanding the system and preparing you’ll get the best care in Portugal.

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